Industrial machinery is the set of physical machines on a production line: motors, pumps, compressors, robots, and machines built for one industry. Each type has its own makers. They are joined by connectors and cables, and watched by sensors.
Start with what moves things. An electric motor turns almost everything in a factory. The motors, bearings and gearboxes come first, and a variable frequency drive controls how fast a motor turns. Liquids are moved by pumps and valves, and air or oil under pressure moves parts and heavy loads through compressors, pneumatics and hydraulics. Industrial heaters and temperature controllers keep a process at the right temperature.
Take a juice-packing line. A motor turns a conveyor. A pump moves the juice from a tank to a filler. The filler fills each carton, and a heater seals it. A robot arm packs the cartons into boxes, and an inkjet printer marks each box with a batch code. Sensors check each step. One line therefore uses almost every product in this zone.
Next come the machines that do the work. Industrial robots and cobots pick, place, weld and glue. Assembly automation builds a product from many parts. Inkjet printers mark the date and batch on every pack. Special-purpose machinery is made for one trade, such as dairies or tile works.
Finally, two products join and watch everything. Connectors and cable assemblies join the machines to each other. Industrial sensors measure pressure, heat and vibration and turn them into signals.
The buyers are of two kinds. A plant buys a complete machine, such as a bottling line. A machine builder buys the components, such as motors, sensors and connectors, and fits them into the machines it sells. A machine maker sells much more than a machine. The maker sells spare parts and repairs for decades, which is the business of aftermarket services. A component maker such as a connector maker wins a place in a product design early, and then supplies it for the product's whole life. This is a design win. Sensors and machines send data into industrial IoT systems that support predictive maintenance. And the robots are classed by how much they decide for themselves, as described in levels of autonomy. Packs that leave the line carry codes for tracing.