Before a brand decides what to say, it has to find out what people think. This Market Segment is the software of asking them.
Market research used to be a services business. A research firm ran a focus group: a small group of people discussing a product, while the brand's team watched from behind a one-way mirror. Or it mailed a questionnaire to a panel, a fixed group of people who had agreed to answer. Those firms still exist. But the companies in this Market Segment sell the machinery that replaced most of that work:

This is the half of the research industry that works to order, for one client at a time. The other half sells research data as a product to many clients. The best-known example is the data on what shoppers buy, sold by NIQ (formerly NielsenIQ) and Circana.
Every company named here has posted software engineering jobs in India. Famous companies that don't actively hire software engineers in India are left out.
This Market Segment covers six companies.
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Back to the new running shoe from the start of this Market Segment. The brand's team starts with a survey.
The panel is the second half of the business. The shoe brand wants answers from a thousand runners it has never met. So it buys them from people who have signed up to answer surveys.
Two Indian companies bring the newer methods. Back to the three launch videos: a survey tells the brand which one runners say they like. These tools show how runners actually react.

The newest idea in research is the synthetic respondent. An AI model is given what a type of consumer has said before, and then asked the question in the consumer's place. It is faster and cheaper than a panel, and nobody yet knows how far to trust it. Every company here is testing it. The panels are also fighting the opposite problem: respondents who are bots, programs pretending to be people.

Who these companies hire, and for what, is on What martech companies hire for.