DevOps

With expertise in DevOps, you become the bridge between writing code and running it in production. You automate deployments, manage infrastructure as code, and ensure that releases happen smoothly. When everyone else is coding, you're making sure that code actually reaches users.

What You'll Actually Be Doing

As the DevOps go-to person, you might spend your morning fixing a broken CI/CD pipeline (someone committed bad YAML again), then writing Terraform scripts to provision new infrastructure, followed by investigating why production deployments are taking 45 minutes when they should take 5.
  • Build and maintain CI/CD pipelines for automated deployments
  • Manage infrastructure as code using Terraform or CloudFormation
  • Containerize applications with Docker and orchestrate with Kubernetes
  • Automate server provisioning and configuration management
  • Monitor application and infrastructure health
  • Implement security scanning and compliance in deployment pipelines

Core Skill Groups

Building DevOps competency requires containerization mastery (Docker/Kubernetes), CI/CD expertise (Jenkins), and IaC proficiency (Terraform)

Containerization & Orchestration

ESSENTIAL
Docker, Kubernetes, Helm, OpenShift
Docker appears in ~60% of DevOps Engineer postings overall and ~60% at entry level. Kubernetes appears in ~60% overall and ~60% at entry level. These two technologies are co-dominant and near-universal requirements. Helm appears in ~5%. OpenShift appears in ~5%. Combined container orchestration expertise is mentioned in >65% of postings. Entry-level shows identical emphasis, making containerization the absolute foundation.

CI/CD Pipeline Tools

ESSENTIAL
Jenkins, GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, CircleCI, Azure DevOps
Jenkins appears in ~30% of DevOps Engineer postings overall and ~25% at entry level. GitHub Actions appears in ~5%. GitLab CI appears in ~5%. Azure DevOps appears in ~5%. Combined CI/CD tool mentions reach >40%. Jenkins remains the dominant CI/CD platform, though modern alternatives are growing. Essential for automation workflows.

Infrastructure as Code

ESSENTIAL
Terraform, Ansible, CloudFormation, Pulumi
Terraform appears in ~20% of DevOps Engineer postings overall and ~20% at entry level. Ansible appears in ~10% overall and ~10-15% at entry level. CloudFormation appears in ~5%. Combined IaC tool mentions reach ~30-35%. Terraform is the clear IaC leader. IaC expertise is fundamental to modern infrastructure management.

Version Control & Collaboration

FOUNDATION
Git, GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket
Git appears in ~25% of DevOps Engineer postings overall and ~35% at entry level. GitHub appears in ~5%. GitLab appears in ~5%. Combined version control mentions reach ~30-35%. Higher entry-level Git emphasis shows it as baseline expectation. Git proficiency is foundational for all DevOps work.

Cloud Platforms

ESSENTIAL
AWS, GCP, Azure
AWS appears in ~15-20% of DevOps Engineer postings overall and entry level. GCP appears in ~5-10%. Azure mentions are implicit in Azure DevOps. Combined cloud platform experience reaches ~25-30%. Cloud expertise is essential as infrastructure moves to cloud, with AWS dominating but multi-cloud knowledge valuable.

Scripting & Programming

FOUNDATION
Python, Bash, PowerShell, Go
Python appears in ~15% of DevOps Engineer postings overall and ~20% at entry level. Bash appears in ~5-10%. PowerShell appears in ~5%. Go appears in <5%. Programming skills are foundational for automation, tooling, and infrastructure code. Python leads with growing entry-level emphasis.

Monitoring & Observability

DIFFERENTIATOR
Prometheus, Grafana, Datadog, Splunk, ELK Stack
Prometheus appears in ~5% of DevOps Engineer postings. Grafana appears in ~5%. Datadog, Splunk, and ELK Stack each appear in <5%. Combined monitoring tool mentions reach ~10-15%. Monitoring expertise differentiates strong DevOps engineers who can ensure system reliability, though not always required at entry level.

Configuration Management

COMPLEMENTARY
Ansible, Chef, Puppet, SaltStack
Ansible appears in ~10% of DevOps postings (counted above in IaC). Chef appears in <5%. Puppet appears in <5%. SaltStack appears in <5%. Configuration management tools complement IaC for server management and automation. Ansible's growth reflects modern preference for agentless solutions.

Build Tools

COMPLEMENTARY
Maven, Gradle, Make, npm
Maven appears in ~5% of DevOps postings. Gradle appears in <5%. Build tools complement CI/CD for compiling and packaging applications. Tool choice typically follows programming language—Maven/Gradle for Java, npm for JavaScript.

GitOps & Advanced Deployment

EMERGING
ArgoCD, GitOps, Spinnaker, Flux
ArgoCD appears in <5% of DevOps postings. GitOps practices appear in <5%. Spinnaker appears in <5%. These represent modern deployment patterns—declarative infrastructure and continuous deployment via Git. Emerging practices gaining adoption but not yet universal.

Security & DevSecOps

ADVANCED
DevSecOps, SonarQube, Security scanning tools
DevSecOps and security tools appear in <5% of DevOps postings individually. Security integration represents advanced DevOps practice—embedding security into CI/CD pipelines. Increasingly important but typically senior-level depth rather than entry-level requirement.

Skills Insights

1. Docker + K8s = Foundational

  • Docker in ~60% of roles
  • Kubernetes also ~60%
  • Not advanced—baseline
No Docker/K8s = not DevOps-ready.

2. Terraform Wins IaC

  • Terraform dominant IaC tool
  • ~20% at entry-level
  • CloudFormation distant second
Terraform first. Others second.

3. Jenkins Paradox

  • Jenkins leads overall
  • But <10% at entry-level
  • GitHub Actions/GitLab CI more accessible
Start modern. Learn Jenkins second.

4. GitOps: The Growth Story

  • ArgoCD low now but growing fast
  • <5% entry but doubling soon
  • Early adoption opportunity
Learn ArgoCD. Be ahead of curve.

Related Roles & Career Pivots

Complementary Roles

DevOps + Platform Engineering
Together, you build and operate robust internal platforms end-to-end
DevOps + Cloud Services Architecture
Together, you architect and automate efficient cloud operations
DevOps + Build & Release Management
Together, you own the complete software delivery pipeline from build to production
DevOps + Observability & Monitoring
Together, you deploy systems with comprehensive observability built in
DevOps + Microservices Architecture
Together, you design and deploy distributed systems seamlessly
DevOps + Web Application Backend Development
Together, you build applications designed for reliable automated deployment
DevOps + API Design & Development
Together, you build APIs with automated testing and deployment built in
DevOps + Security Engineering
Together, you build security directly into automated deployment workflows

Career Strategy: What to Prioritize

🛡️

Safe Bets

Core skills that ensure job security:

  • Docker (deep understanding - layering, multi-stage builds, security)
  • Kubernetes (pods, deployments, services - consider CKAD cert)
  • Git workflows and branching strategies
  • Terraform for Infrastructure as Code
  • Python and Bash for automation scripting
Docker + Kubernetes + Terraform + one cloud provider = foundation for >70% of DevOps opportunities
🚀

Future Proofing

Emerging trends that will matter in 2-3 years:

  • GitOps methodology with ArgoCD
  • Platform engineering and internal developer platforms
  • eBPF for observability and security
  • WebAssembly for cloud workloads
  • Policy as Code (OPA, Kyverno)
DevOps is evolving into Platform Engineering - focus on developer experience, not just infrastructure
💎

Hidden Value & Differentiation

Undervalued skills that set you apart:

  • Observability with Prometheus and Grafana
  • Security tooling (SonarQube, Trivy, Vault)
  • Go language (since K8s, Docker, Terraform written in Go)
  • Helm for Kubernetes package management
  • Configuration management (Ansible) still heavily used
GitOps adoption provides huge differentiation - few entry-level candidates know it, but it's the future

What Separates Good from Great Engineers

Technical differentiators:

  • CI/CD pipeline design that balances speed with safety
  • Infrastructure automation beyond basic scripting (immutable infrastructure, GitOps)
  • Understanding trade-offs in deployment strategies (blue-green, canary, rolling)
  • Observability stack design (metrics, logs, traces) for production debugging

Career differentiators:

  • Building self-service tooling that empowers developers safely
  • Creating incident response processes with blameless postmortems
  • Translating reliability metrics into business impact
  • Teaching security best practices without blocking team velocity
Your value isn't in knowing Kubernetes—it's in reducing toil for entire teams and making architecture decisions that scale. That's how you move from IC to tech lead to staff engineer.